Overview
Aims
To describe and explain the main internal medicine conditions, highlighting the relationships between etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and paraclinical investigations.
To develop clinical reasoning skills for the early recognition, nursing assessment, and care planning of patients with acute and chronic medical pathologies.
To apply evidence-based protocols and safe clinical practices for diagnostic monitoring, treatment administration, and patient education in internal medicine.
Course contents
1. Upper respiratory tract infections. Acute tracheobronchitis. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
2. Pneumonias. Bronchopulmonary cancer.
3. Bronchial asthma.
4. Ischemic heart disease, stable effort-induced angina pectoris, unstable angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction (ACS: NSTEMI, STEMI).
5. Arterial hypertension. Infective endocarditis. Heart failure.
6. Obesity. Dyslipidemias. Diabetes mellitus and the complications of diabetes.
7. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. Esophageal cancer. Acute and chronic gastritis.
8. Gastroduodenal ulcer. Gastric cancer. Colonic polyps and colorectal cancer.
9. Chronic hepatitis (steatohepatitis, viral hepatitis, drug-induced hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis). Liver cirrhosis.
10. Gallstone disease and its complications. Acute and chronic pancreatitis.
11. Inflammatory bowel diseases. Celiac disease.
12. Urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis.
13. Renal lithiasis and the complications of renal lithiasis.
14. Anemias. Coagulation disorders. Review.
Learning outcomes
By the end of this course, students will be able to: understand the etiology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic criteria for major internal medicine conditions; recognize clinical manifestations, warning signs, and potential complications of internal diseases; interpret basic diagnostic and laboratory tests (ECG, blood tests, chest X-rays, urinalysis); formulate tailored nursing diagnoses and care plans for patients with internal pathologies; apply safe protocols for medication administration, clinical monitoring, and care; communicate effectively with healthcare teams, patients, and families.
Assessment
Assessment: Lecture (60%): MCQ exam on theory & clinical reasoning. Lab (40%): Practical/scenario exam (30%) + active semester participation (10%). Criteria: Theory mastery, clinical skills & protocol application, continuous group engagement.